Exploring ChatGPT Literacy as Predictor and Moderator in Enhancing Informal Digital English Learning: A Partial Least Squares Analysis
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Xiaomeng Li
Lei Mee Thien
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Purpose - Utilising the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the present study intends to explore the role of ChatGPT literacy within TAM framework and the potential for English as a foreign language (EFL) learners to integrate ChatGPT into their informal digital learning of English (IDLE) activities.
Methodology - The data were collected from 543 Chinese EFL learners of higher education by cross-sectional quantitative method. The relationships between six factors, namely ChatGPT literacy, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, behavioural intention, and actual use were conceptualised and tested based on TAM framework. The conceptualised model was verified by PLS-SEM approach.
Findings - The findings indicated that ChatGPT literacy is a significant predictor of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The two core variables which are perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness also have significant impact on attitude respectively. Perceived ease of use positively influenced perceived usefulness, which indicated the mediation role of perceived usefulness on this path. Attitude significantly and positively influenced behavioural intention, which positively anticipated actual use. Moreover, ChatGPT literacy moderated the relationship between behavioural intention and actual use.
Originality/value - The current study extended the TAM framework by incorporating ChatGPT literacy as a predictor and a moderator variable between behavioural intention and actual use. The study offers empirical evidence of the utilisation of ChatGPT as a language-learning instrument with great potential for EFL learners in extramural settings of EFL learners.